Synthesis yealkyl polyglycoside glycerol ethers

Kubatanidzwa kwealkyl polyglycoside glycerol ethers kwakaitwa nenzira nhatu dzakasiyana (Mufananidzo 2, panzvimbo yealkyl polyglycoside musanganiswa, chete alkyl monoglycoside inoratidzwa se educt).Iyo etherification yealkyl polyglycoside ine glycerol nenzira A inoenderera pasi pemaitiro ekuita.Kuvhurwa kwemhete yeepoxide nenzira B kunoitikawo pamberi pezvinokonzeresa.Imwe nzira ndeyekuita ne glycerol carbonate nenzira C inoperekedzwa nekubviswa kweCO₂ uye iyo Inoenderera mberi kuburikidza ne epoxide senhanho yepakati.

Musanganiswa wekuita unozopisa 200 ℃ kwemaawa manomwe panguva iyo mvura inoumbwa inoramba ichinyungudutswa kuti ibvise iyo yakaenzana kusvika painobvira kudivi rechigadzirwa.Sezvinotarisirwa, alkyl polyglycoside di- uye triglycerol ethers inoumbwa kuwedzera kune monoglycerol ether.Chimwe chechipiri chekuita ndeye self-condensation ye glycerol kuti iite oligoglycerol iyo inokwanisa kuita nealkyl polyglycoside nenzira yakafanana neyo glycerol.Zvakakwirira zvakadai zvepamusoro oligomers zvinogona kudiwa zvachose nekuti zvinowedzera kuvandudza hydrophilicity uye nekudaro semuenzaniso kunyungudika kwemvura kwezvigadzirwa.Mushure me etherification, zvigadzirwa zvinogona kunyungudutswa mumvura uye kusvibiswa nenzira inozivikanwa, semuenzaniso nehydrogen peroxide.

Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya ekuita, dhigirii reiyo etherification yezvigadzirwa yakazvimirira kubva kune alkyl cheni kureba kwealkyl polyglycoside inoshandiswa.Mufananidzo3 unoratidza chikamu chemukati chemono-,di- uye triglycerol ethers mumusanganiswa wechigadzirwa chisina kuchena kune mana akasiyana alkyl cheni kureba.Mhinduro yeC₁₂ alkyl polyglycoside inopa yakajairika mhedzisiro.Zvinoenderana negasi chromatogram,mono-,di- uye triglycerol ethers anoumbwa mureshiyo inosvika 3:2:1.Zvose zvirimo zveglycerol ethers zvakapoteredza 35%.