Izvo Zvimiro zveAlkyl Polyglucosides

Zvakafanana ne polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers,alkyl polyglycosidesanowanzova technical surfactants. Iwo anogadzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana dzeFischer synthesis uye anosanganisira kugoverwa kwemarudzi ane madhigirii akasiyana eglycosidation anoratidzwa neanoreva n-kukosha. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa sereshiyo yehuwandu hwemolar huwandu hweglucose kune molar huwandu hwemafuta edoro mualkyl polyglucoside, tichifunga nezveavhareji yemamolecular uremu kana mafuta edoro akasanganiswa anoshandiswa. Sezvatotaurwa mazhinji alkyl polyglucosides ekukosha kwekushandisa ane zvinoreva n-kukosha kwe1.1-1.7. Nokudaro, dzine alkyl monoglucosides uye alkyl diglucosides sezvikamu zvikuru, pamwe chete nehuwandu hudiki hwealkyl triglucosides, alkyl tetraglucosides, nezvimwewo kusvika kune alkyl octaglucosides kunze kwe oligomers, zvishoma (kazhinji 1-2%) yemafuta ane doro anoshandiswa iyo synthesis polyglucose, uye munyu, kunyanya nekuda kwecatalysis (1.5-2.5%), inogara iripo. Nhamba dzinoverengerwa maererano nechinhu chinoshanda. Nepo polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers kana mamwe akawanda ethoxylates achigona kutsanangurwa zvisina kujeka nekugoverwa kwemamorekuru, tsananguro inofananidzira haina kana kukwana kune alkyl polyglucosides nekuti akasiyana isomerism inokonzeresa kuomarara kwemhando yezvigadzirwa. Misiyano mumakirasi maviri e-surfactant inoita kuti pave nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinobva mukubatana kwakasimba kwemapoka emusoro nemvura uye muchidimbu kune mumwe nemumwe.

Boka re ethoxylate re polyoxyethylene alkyl ether rinopindirana zvakasimba nemvura, richigadzira zvisungo zvehydrogen pakati peethylene okisijeni nemamorekuru emvura, nokudaro kuvaka micellar hydration shells uko kuumbwa kwemvura kwakakura (yakaderera entropy uye enthalpy) kupfuura mumvura yakawanda. Iyo hydration chimiro chine simba zvakanyanya. Kazhinji pakati pemaviri uye matatu mamorekuru emvura anosanganiswa neboka rimwe nerimwe reEO.

Tichifunga nezve glucosyl headgroups ine matatu OH mabasa e monoglucoside kana manomwe kune diglucoside, alkyl glucoside maitiro anotarisirwa kunge akasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune iyo polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers. Kunze kwekupindirana kwakasimba nemvura, kunewo masimba pakati pemapoka epamusoro ari mumicelles uye mune zvimwe zvikamu. Nepo polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers ega ari zvinwiwa kana zvinyoro zvishoma zvinonyunguduka, alkyl polyglucosides akanyanya kunyunguduka nekuda kwe intermolecular hydrogen bonding pakati pemapoka eglucosyl akavakidzana. Ivo vanoratidza akasiyana thermotropic liquid crystalline zvivakwa, sezvazvichakurukurwa pazasi. Intermolecular hydrogen zvisungo pakati pemapoka emusoro anewo mutoro wekuenzana kwawo kuderera kunyungudika mumvura.

Kana iri glucose pachayo, kudyidzana kweboka reglucosyl nemamorekuru emvura akapoteredzwa kunokonzerwa nekuwanda kwehydrogen bonding. Kune glucose, huwandu hwe tetrahedally yakarongwa mamorekuru emvura yakakwirira kupfuura mumvura chete. Nekudaro, glucose, uye pamwe zvakare alkyl glucosides, inogona kuverengerwa se "mugadziri wechimiro," hunhu hwakafanana nehweethoxylates.

Mukuenzanisa nemafambiro e-ethoxylate micelle, iyo inoshanda interfacial dielectric constant yealkyl glucoside yakakwirira zvikuru uye yakafanana neyomvura kupfuura iyo ethoxylate. Saka, nharaunda yakatenderedza misoro yemusoro paalkyl glucoside micelle ine aqueous-like.