KUUNGWA KWE ALKYL POLYGLUCOSIDE

Alkyl glucosides inosanganisira hydrophobic alkyl residue yakabva kudoro ine mafuta uye hydrophilic saccharide yakagadzirwa kubva kuD-glucose, iyo yakabatanidzwa kuburikidza ne glycosidic bond.Alkyl glucosides inoratidza ma alkyl masara ane anenge C6-C18 maatomu, sezvinoita vazhinji vano surfact kubva kune mamwe mapoka ezvinhu, semuenzaniso anozivikanwa alkyl polyglycol ethers.Chimiro chakatanhamara ndeye hydrophilic headgroup, inoumbwa nesaccharide zvimiro zvine imwechete kana akati wandei glycosidically inter-linked D-glucose units.Mukati me organic chemistry, D-glucose units inotorwa kubva kumacarbohydrates, ayo anowanikwa zvakanyanya muzvisikwa zvese nenzira yeshuga kana oligo uye polysaccharides.Ichi ndicho chikonzero maD-glucose mayuniti iri sarudzo iri pachena yeiyo hydrophilic headgroup yevanogadzira, sezvo makabhohaidhiretsi ari kuita zvisingapere, zvinogonekazve mbishi zvinhu.Alkyl glucosides inogona kumiririrwa nenzira yakapfava uye yakajairwa nemaitiro avo empirical.

Chimiro chezvikamu zveD-glucose chinoratidza maatomu matanhatu ecarbon.Nhamba yezvikamu zveD-glucose mu alkyl polyglucosides n = 1 mu alkyl monoglucosides, n = 2 mu alkyl diglucosides, n = 3 mu alkyl triglucosides, zvichingodaro.Muzvinyorwa, musanganiswa wealkyl glucosides ane nhamba dzakasiyana dzeD-glucose units inowanzonzi alkyl oligoglucosides kana alkyl polyglucosides.Nepo zita rekuti "alkyl oligoglucoside" rakanyatsoenderana muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, izwi rekuti "alkyl polyglucoside" rinowanzorasisa, sezvo surfactant alkyl polyglucosides kashoma kuve neanodarika mashanu maD-glucose mayunitsi uye nekudaro haasi mapolima.Muzvinyorwa zvealkyl polyglucosides, n inoreva huwandu hwehuwandu hweD-glucose units, kureva, dhigirii yepolymerization n iyo inowanzova pakati pe1 ne5. The Chain urefu hwehydrophobic alkyl residues inowanzova pakati pe X = 6 ne X = 8 maatomu ecarbon.

Magadzirirwo anoitwa surfactant alkyl glucosides, kunyanya kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, inogonesa kusiyanisa kwakakura kwezvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira, izvo zvinogona kunge zviri kemikari yakachena alkyl glucosides kana alkyl glucoside musanganiswa.Kune yekare, mitemo yakajairika yezita rezita rinoshandiswa mumakemikari emakhahydrates inoshandiswa mune ino chinyorwa.Iwo alkyl glucoside musanganiswa anowanzo shandiswa sevashandi vehunyanzvi anowanzo kupihwa mazita asina basa akadai se "alkyl polyglucosides," kana "APGs."Tsananguro dzinopihwa muchinyorwa pazvinenge zvakakodzera.

Iyo empirical formula hairatidze iyo yakaoma stereochemistry uye polyfunctionality yealkyl glucosides.Iwo akareba-cheni alkyl masara anogona kuve ane mutsara kana branched kabhoni skeletons, kunyangwe mutsara alkyl masara anowanzo kupihwa sarudzo.Kemikari kutaura, ese maD-glucose mayuniti polyhydroxyacetals, ayo anowanzo siyana mune yavo mhete zvimiro (inotorwa kubva kune mashanu-nhengo nhengo furan kana matanhatu-nhengo nhengo pyran zvindori) pamwe neanomeric kumisikidzwa kweacetal chimiro.Uyezve, kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhando yeglycosidic bond pakati peD-glucose units yealkyl oligosaccharides.Kunyanya mune saccharide yakasara yealkyl polyglucosides, idzi misiyano inogoneka inotungamira kune akawanda, akaomarara emakemikari zvimiro, zvichiita kuti kudanwa kwezvinhu izvi kuwedzere kuoma.